Differential Diagnosis for 4-year-old Female with Rash
- Single most likely diagnosis
- Viral exanthem (e.g., roseola, fifth disease): This is a common condition in children, characterized by a rash that starts on the arms and spreads to the legs and face, often without other symptoms.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- Allergic contact dermatitis: Although the rash is described as non-itchy, some cases of contact dermatitis can present with minimal or no itching, especially in young children.
- Eczema (atopic dermatitis): While eczema is typically itchy, some cases can be non-itchy, especially in the early stages or in young children.
- Impetigo: A contagious bacterial skin infection that can cause a rash, often without other symptoms.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
- Meningococcemia: A life-threatening bacterial infection that can cause a rash, often accompanied by other symptoms such as fever and headache, but can occasionally present with a rash as the only initial symptom.
- Kawasaki disease: An acute febrile illness that can cause a rash, often accompanied by other symptoms such as fever, conjunctivitis, and lymphadenopathy.
- Rare diagnoses
- Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA): A chronic autoimmune disease that can cause a rash, often accompanied by joint symptoms and other systemic features.
- Lupus erythematosus: A chronic autoimmune disease that can cause a rash, often accompanied by other systemic symptoms such as fever, fatigue, and joint pain.