What do endplate degenerative changes of the lumbar spine (L-spine) mean?

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From the Guidelines

Endplate degenerative changes of the lumbar spine are a common finding in asymptomatic individuals and do not necessarily correlate with symptoms, as evidenced by a prospective study by Carragee et al 1 that found 84% of patients with lumbar imaging abnormalities before the onset of low back pain had unchanged or improved findings after symptoms developed.

Definition and Causes

Endplate degenerative changes refer to the deterioration of the bony surfaces (endplates) that connect vertebrae to intervertebral discs in the lower back. These changes can develop as part of the normal aging process and can be accelerated by factors such as repetitive stress, trauma, or genetic predisposition.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Common symptoms of endplate degenerative changes include lower back pain that may worsen with activity, stiffness, and reduced flexibility. However, some people may experience no symptoms at all. These changes are typically identified through imaging studies like MRI or CT scans.

Treatment and Management

Treatment usually focuses on managing symptoms through:

  • Physical therapy
  • Anti-inflammatory medications like ibuprofen or naproxen
  • Lifestyle modifications such as maintaining proper posture and weight management In severe cases where pain significantly impacts daily activities, more advanced interventions like steroid injections or, rarely, surgery might be considered. As noted in the study by Manchikanti et al 1, lumbar discography may be useful in patients with chronic discogenic low back pain, and MRI of the lumbar spine is the initial imaging modality of choice for identifying potential actionable pain generators.

Key Points to Consider

  • Endplate degenerative changes are common in asymptomatic individuals and do not necessarily correlate with symptoms 1
  • Imaging studies like MRI or CT scans are typically used to identify these changes
  • Treatment focuses on managing symptoms and preventing further deterioration, rather than reversing the changes themselves
  • A systematic review by Manchikanti et al 1 provides level III evidence that lumbar discography may be useful in patients with chronic discogenic low back pain.

From the Research

Definition of Endplate Degenerative Changes

Endplate degenerative changes refer to the deterioration of the endplates, which are the interfaces between the vertebral bodies and the intervertebral discs in the spine. These changes can include defects, damage, or alterations in the morphology and composition of the endplates.

Characteristics of Endplate Degenerative Changes

  • Endplate defects can be identified and measured using MRI, with dimensions such as maximum width and depth being significant 2.
  • Degenerative endplate changes can be associated with disc degeneration, Modic changes, facet joint abnormalities, and pain 2.
  • Perfusion profiles of degenerative endplate marrow changes can differ significantly from normal marrow, regardless of spinal level, age, or sex 3.

Relationship with Other Spinal Conditions

  • Endplate degenerative changes can be related to disc degeneration, Modic changes, facet joint degeneration, and spinal stenosis 4.
  • The progression of endplate degeneration can be influenced by factors such as scoliotic deformity and lumbar lordosis 5.
  • Endplate dysfunction can associate with disc degeneration and axial low back pain, with changes to endplate morphology and composition impairing its permeability 6.

Clinical Significance

  • Endplate degenerative changes can be a significant factor in the development of disc degeneration and low back pain 6.
  • Assessing endplate findings from a multi-dimensional perspective can have clinical utility 2.
  • Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI can be used to evaluate perfusion profiles of degenerative endplate marrow changes 3.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Multidimensional vertebral endplate defects are associated with disc degeneration, modic changes, facet joint abnormalities, and pain.

Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society, 2019

Research

Determinants of evolution of endplate and disc degeneration in the lumbar spine: a multifactorial perspective.

European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2014

Research

Contribution of the endplates to disc degeneration.

Current molecular biology reports, 2018

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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