From the Guidelines
Epigenetic changes in sperm may contribute to preeclampsia risk, and men planning conception can potentially reduce this risk by implementing lifestyle modifications. The relationship between sperm epigenetics and preeclampsia is an area of emerging research, with studies suggesting that epigenetic alterations in sperm can influence placental development and function 1. These modifications, including DNA methylation patterns, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs, can be affected by paternal factors such as age, diet, obesity, smoking, and environmental exposures.
Key Factors
- Paternal age
- Diet
- Obesity
- Smoking
- Environmental exposures When abnormal epigenetic information is transmitted via sperm, it may impact early embryonic development and placentation, potentially contributing to preeclampsia development 1.
Potential Interventions
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Avoiding smoking
- Limiting alcohol consumption
- Reducing exposure to environmental toxins These changes, ideally implemented at least three months before conception, may help optimize sperm epigenetic profiles and potentially reduce preeclampsia risk, though more research is needed to establish definitive connections and interventions 1.
From the Research
Epigenetics of Sperm and Preeclampsia
- The relationship between epigenetics of sperm and preeclampsia is not directly addressed in the provided studies 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
- However, one study discusses epigenetic processes during preeclampsia and their effects on fetal development and chronic health 5.
- This study suggests that epigenetic regulatory processes, such as histone modifications, microRNAs, and DNA methylation, play a crucial role in placental development and may contribute to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
- Another study mentions that offspring of women who had preeclampsia are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease later in life, but does not specifically address the role of sperm epigenetics 5.
- The other studies focus on the prevention of preeclampsia using aspirin 2, 3, 4, 6, and do not provide information on the epigenetics of sperm.
Aspirin and Preeclampsia Prevention
- Several studies investigate the use of aspirin to prevent preeclampsia and related morbidity and mortality 2, 3, 4, 6.
- The results suggest that low-dose aspirin taken during pregnancy can prevent preeclampsia and its sequelae, particularly in individuals at increased risk 2, 6.
- One study found that aspirin at a daily dosage of 150 mg, initiated before 16 weeks of gestational age, and given at night to a high-risk population, reduces the incidence of preterm preeclampsia by 62% 2.
- Another study reported that daily low-dose aspirin during pregnancy was associated with lower risks of serious perinatal outcomes for individuals at increased risk for preeclampsia, without evident harms 6.