What is the diagnosis for a patient with two or more Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) criteria, an infection, and end-organ dysfunction not caused by another current condition?

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Differential Diagnosis

The patient's condition with two or more SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome) criteria, an infection, and end-organ dysfunction is concerning for several diagnoses. Here is a categorized differential diagnosis:

  • Single most likely diagnosis
    • Sepsis: This is the most likely diagnosis, as it is defined by the presence of an infection, two or more SIRS criteria, and end-organ dysfunction. The patient's symptoms align with the diagnostic criteria for sepsis.
  • Other Likely diagnoses
    • Severe sepsis: This diagnosis is likely if the patient has sepsis with associated organ dysfunction, but not necessarily septic shock.
    • Septic shock: This diagnosis is possible if the patient has sepsis with associated hypotension and end-organ dysfunction, despite adequate fluid resuscitation.
  • Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
    • Toxic shock syndrome: Although less common, toxic shock syndrome can present with similar symptoms to sepsis and has a high mortality rate if not promptly recognized and treated.
    • Necrotizing fasciitis: This is a rare but life-threatening condition that requires prompt surgical intervention and may present with signs of sepsis and end-organ dysfunction.
  • Rare diagnoses
    • Meningococcemia: This is a rare but severe infection caused by Neisseria meningitidis, which can present with signs of sepsis and end-organ dysfunction.
    • Rocky Mountain spotted fever: This is a rare tick-borne illness that can cause severe sepsis and end-organ dysfunction if not promptly recognized and treated.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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