From the Guidelines
The best tactic to get accurate information from a patient who is not being forthcoming is to ask open-ended questions (option C). When patients are reluctant to share information, creating a non-judgmental environment where they feel safe to communicate is essential. Open-ended questions encourage patients to explain their situation in their own words rather than providing simple yes/no responses, which often reveals more complete information. This approach demonstrates respect for the patient's autonomy and builds trust in the doctor-patient relationship, as suggested by the American Society of Clinical Oncology consensus guideline 1.
Some key strategies to improve patient-clinician communication include:
- Avoiding unnecessary delays in providing information
- Communicating with consultants and others involved in the patient’s care to ensure coherent recommendations
- Using simple language tailored to the patient’s educational level
- Avoiding jargon and explaining medical terminology in lay language
- Providing information relevant to the patient’s goals and avoiding information overload
- Checking for understanding using a “teach back” or “talk back” method, as recommended by the guideline 1.
Direct questions can sometimes feel confrontational, while threatening patients or offering gifts for truthfulness violates ethical principles and damages trust. Additionally, using reflective listening techniques alongside open questions, expressing empathy, and explaining the importance of accurate information for proper diagnosis and treatment can further encourage honest communication. The goal is to understand not just the medical facts but also the patient's concerns and perspectives that might be influencing their reluctance to share information, as noted in the guideline 1.
It is also important to acknowledge and name the emotions of the patient, use partnership and supporting statements, and be cautious about providing information when patients are emotional, as suggested by the literature review and analysis 1. By using these strategies, healthcare providers can create a supportive environment that encourages patients to share accurate and complete information, ultimately leading to better health outcomes and improved quality of life.
From the Research
Best Tactic to Get Information from a Patient
To get accurate and real information from a patient, the following tactics can be employed:
- Ask an open question: This approach allows patients to discuss their concerns freely and has been shown to be an efficient method for gathering medical information 2.
- Use open-ended phrases: Phrases like "What questions do you have?" can elicit more questions from patients and improve communication skills 3.
- Engage in focused active listening: Understanding the patient's perspective and expressing empathy are key features of patient-centered communication 4.
- Avoid interrupting the patient: Allowing the patient to fully express their thoughts and concerns can lead to a more accurate understanding of their condition 4.
Avoiding Ineffective Tactics
The following tactics are not recommended:
- Threatening the patient: This approach is unlikely to yield accurate information and may damage the patient-provider relationship.
- Offering a gift in exchange for truth: This tactic is unethical and may be seen as coercive.
- Asking direct questions only: While direct questions can be useful, they may not allow patients to fully express their concerns and may limit the amount of information gathered 2.