What is the clinical significance of the patient's laboratory results showing leukopenia (White Blood Cell count 3.9 K/mcL), anemia (Hemoglobin 12.7 g/dL, Hematocrit 41.3%), hypochromia (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin 26.2 pcg), and elevated Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW 14.9%)?

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Last updated: May 5, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Guidelines

The most recent lab results from May 5,2025, indicate mild iron deficiency anemia, and I strongly recommend increasing dietary iron intake and considering an over-the-counter iron supplement. The patient's mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) has been consistently low across all measurements, currently at 26.2 pcg (reference range 27.0-34.0), suggesting their red blood cells contain less hemoglobin than normal 1. Additionally, the red cell distribution width (RDW) is elevated at 14.9% (reference range 11.0-14.8%), indicating variation in red blood cell size, which is a common indicator of iron deficiency anemia 1. Some key points to consider in the management of iron deficiency anemia include:

  • Increasing dietary iron intake through foods like lean red meat, spinach, beans, and fortified cereals
  • Considering an over-the-counter iron supplement, such as ferrous sulfate 325mg once daily, taken with vitamin C to enhance absorption
  • Monitoring the patient's symptoms, such as fatigue, weakness, or shortness of breath, and consulting their healthcare provider for further evaluation if necessary
  • Checking iron studies and potentially prescribing a higher dose iron supplement if symptoms persist
  • Monitoring the low white blood cell (WBC) count with a follow-up complete blood count in 1-2 months, as it could indicate a mild immune system depression 1. It is essential to note that the diagnosis and management of iron deficiency anemia should be based on the most recent and highest-quality evidence, and the patient's healthcare provider should be consulted for personalized advice and treatment 1.

From the Research

Blood Test Results Analysis

  • The provided blood test results show several abnormal values, including low WBC, low Hemoglobin, low MCH, and high RDW.
  • The low Hemoglobin level is consistent with anemia, which can be caused by iron deficiency or other factors 2.
  • The high RDW (Red Cell Distribution Width) indicates a large variation in red blood cell size, which can be seen in iron deficiency anemia or other conditions.

Iron Deficiency Anemia

  • Iron deficiency anemia is a common condition that can be diagnosed by low iron stores and a hemoglobin level two standard deviations below normal 2.
  • The study suggests that supplemental iron may be given initially, followed by further workup if the patient is not responsive to therapy.
  • The provided blood test results show low Hemoglobin and MCH levels, which are consistent with iron deficiency anemia.

Differentiating Iron Deficiency Anemia from Combined Iron and Vitamin B12 Deficiency

  • A study published in the International Journal of Hematology found that the platelet count/mean corpuscular hemoglobin ratio can distinguish combined iron and vitamin B12 deficiency from uncomplicated iron deficiency 3.
  • The study suggests that a high PLT/MCH ratio may indicate combined iron and vitamin B12 deficiency.
  • However, the provided blood test results do not include sufficient information to calculate the PLT/MCH ratio.

Other Conditions

  • The provided blood test results do not show any clear evidence of hypoglycemic disorders or secondary hypertension, which are discussed in other studies 4, 5.
  • These conditions are not directly relevant to the analysis of the provided blood test results.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Iron deficiency anemia: evaluation and management.

American family physician, 2013

Research

Evaluation and Management of Secondary Hypertension.

The Medical clinics of North America, 2022

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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