Differential Diagnosis for Sore Throat with Loss of Voice in a 23yo Female
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Acute Laryngitis: This is the most common cause of sore throat and loss of voice, often resulting from a viral upper respiratory infection. The patient's age and symptoms are consistent with this diagnosis.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Pharyngitis: Caused by viral or bacterial infections, pharyngitis can lead to sore throat and potentially affect the voice. Streptococcal pharyngitis is a common bacterial cause.
- Tonsillitis: Inflammation of the tonsils can cause sore throat and may affect the voice, especially if the tonsils are significantly enlarged or infected.
- Vocal Cord Lesions: Polyps, nodules, or cysts on the vocal cords can cause hoarseness or loss of voice, often accompanied by throat discomfort.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Epiglottitis: Although rare, epiglottitis is a life-threatening condition that can cause severe sore throat, difficulty swallowing, and voice changes. It requires immediate medical attention.
- Laryngeal Cancer: Though uncommon in young adults, laryngeal cancer can present with persistent hoarseness or voice changes. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment.
- Diphtheria: A bacterial infection that can cause a severe sore throat and voice changes, diphtheria is rare in vaccinated populations but can be deadly if not treated promptly.
Rare Diagnoses
- Relapsing Polychondritis: A rare autoimmune disorder that can cause inflammation of the laryngeal cartilages, leading to sore throat and voice changes.
- Sarcoidosis: A condition that can affect various parts of the body, including the larynx, causing hoarseness or sore throat.
- Laryngeal Tuberculosis: A rare form of tuberculosis that affects the larynx, potentially causing sore throat, hoarseness, and other respiratory symptoms.