From the Guidelines
The minimum effective dose of NAD cannot be directly determined from the provided evidence, but based on the information about niacin and its conversion to NAD, a dose of 40 mg/day of niacin, as mentioned in the espen micronutrient guideline 1, can be considered as a reference point for NAD production in the body. When considering NAD supplementation, it's essential to understand that NAD is a coenzyme formed from niacin, and its production in the body is dependent on the availability of niacin. The espen micronutrient guideline 1 provides information on the daily dose of niacin, which is 40 mg/day, and this can be used as a basis for determining the minimum effective dose of NAD.
- Key points to consider:
- Niacin is converted into NAD in the body, and a dose of 40 mg/day of niacin is recommended 1.
- NAD plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including energy production, DNA repair, and antioxidant effects 1.
- The effectiveness of NAD supplementation may depend on individual factors such as age, health status, and metabolic needs.
- It's also important to note that while the provided evidence does not directly address the minimum effective dose of NAD, it highlights the importance of niacin in NAD production, and therefore, a dose of 40 mg/day of niacin can be considered as a reference point for NAD production in the body 1.
From the Research
Minimum Effective Dose of NAD+
The minimum effective dose of NAD+ is not explicitly stated in the provided studies. However, the following points can be considered:
- NAD+ precursors such as Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) and Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) have been shown to increase NAD+ levels in the body 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
- The optimal dosage of NR and NMN for increasing NAD+ levels is not clearly established, but studies have used various doses ranging from milligrams to grams per day 2, 3, 4, 5.
- The bioavailability and safety of NR and NMN are important considerations, and further research is needed to determine the optimal dosage and potential risks associated with long-term use 4, 6.
- The metabolic pathways of NMN and NR involve enterohepatic circulation, where they are converted to nicotinic acid (NA) and then used in the liver to synthesize NAD+ 6.
Key Findings
- NAD+ precursors such as NR and NMN have been shown to have beneficial effects on various age-related disorders, including cognitive decline, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease 2, 3, 4, 5.
- The use of NAD+ precursors as a therapeutic strategy for age-related diseases is promising, but further research is needed to establish optimal dosages and potential risks 4, 5.
- The metabolism of NMN and NR involves complex pathways, including gut microbiota-mediated deamidation and conversion to NA, which is then used in the liver to synthesize NAD+ 6.