From the Research
OCD lesions happen when a segment of bone and its overlying articular cartilage partially or completely separates from the surrounding healthy bone, typically due to repetitive microtrauma, compromised blood supply to the subchondral bone, or genetic factors, as noted in the most recent study 1. The condition develops most commonly in adolescents and young adults, especially those involved in high-impact sports or activities that place repetitive stress on joints. Some key points to consider include:
- The disruption in blood flow leads to avascular necrosis of the bone segment, which weakens the connection between the affected fragment and the underlying bone, as discussed in 2.
- As the condition progresses, the fragment may become unstable and eventually detach, creating a loose body within the joint that can cause mechanical symptoms such as catching or locking, as mentioned in 3.
- Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent progression to osteoarthritis and long-term joint dysfunction, with treatment options ranging from conservative management to surgical procedures such as osteochondral fixation, abrasion chondroplasty, or cartilage restoration, as outlined in 4 and 1. The most recent and highest quality study 1 highlights the importance of considering the stability of the OCD lesion, as well as the patient's age and skeletal maturity, when determining the proper course of treatment. Some of the key factors to consider when evaluating OCD lesions include:
- The location and size of the lesion, as discussed in 5.
- The presence of any mechanical symptoms, such as catching or locking, as mentioned in 3.
- The patient's overall health and activity level, as noted in 2. By considering these factors and using the most recent and highest quality evidence, healthcare providers can develop effective treatment plans to manage OCD lesions and prevent long-term joint dysfunction.