What are the implications for a 5-month-old infant with RSV infection and hyperglycemia?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: February 7, 2025 • View editorial policy

Differential Diagnosis for a 5-month-old with RSV and Glucose 127

  • Single most likely diagnosis: + Bronchiolitis: This is the most likely diagnosis given the patient's age and positive RSV test. RSV is a common cause of bronchiolitis in infants, and the presentation is consistent with this diagnosis.
  • Other Likely diagnoses: + Viral pneumonia: Although RSV is more commonly associated with bronchiolitis, it can also cause pneumonia, especially in young infants. The elevated glucose could be a stress response to the infection. + Asthma exacerbation: Although less likely in a 5-month-old without a prior diagnosis of asthma, an asthma exacerbation could present with similar symptoms to bronchiolitis, especially if the child has a history of wheezing or eczema.
  • Do Not Miss diagnoses: + Bacterial pneumonia or sepsis: Although the RSV test is positive, bacterial superinfection or concurrent bacterial pneumonia is possible and can be life-threatening. The elevated glucose could be a sign of stress or sepsis. + Congenital heart disease: Infants with underlying congenital heart disease may present with respiratory symptoms due to increased pulmonary blood flow or congestion. Although less likely, this diagnosis could be deadly if missed.
  • Rare diagnoses: + Inborn errors of metabolism: Certain metabolic disorders, such as glycogen storage diseases, can present with elevated glucose levels and respiratory symptoms. However, these diagnoses are rare and would require further testing to confirm. + Other viral infections: Although RSV is the most common cause of bronchiolitis, other viruses such as influenza, adenovirus, or human metapneumovirus could also be responsible for the patient's symptoms.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.