From the Research
Yes, mononucleosis (mono) can lower your white blood cell (WBC) count, although it typically causes an initial increase in white blood cells, particularly lymphocytes, as noted in a study published in 2023 1.
Key Points to Consider
- Mono, typically caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, can lead to neutropenia, a decrease in neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, as the infection progresses.
- The reduction in WBC count occurs because the virus affects bone marrow function and can suppress normal white blood cell production.
- Additionally, the spleen enlargement that often accompanies mono can sequester white blood cells, further reducing their numbers in circulation.
- The decreased WBC count typically resolves as the infection clears, usually within 2-4 weeks, though complete recovery may take longer, as discussed in a review published in 2024 2.
Management and Monitoring
- If you have mono and are concerned about your white blood cell count, regular monitoring by a healthcare provider is recommended, especially if you develop new symptoms like high fever or severe weakness.
- No specific medication is needed to address the low WBC count itself, as it will typically normalize with recovery from the viral infection, as supported by evidence from a study in 2016 3.
Important Considerations
- It's essential to note that while mono can cause a decrease in WBC count, the initial presentation often includes an increase in lymphocytes, which can sometimes be misinterpreted, highlighting the importance of comprehensive diagnostic approaches, including tests like the monospot test, as discussed in a study from 2010 4.
- The long-term consequences of EBV infection, including the risk of certain cancers and autoimmune diseases, should also be considered, as outlined in a review from 2015 5 and more recently in 2023 1.