What is the cause of injected conjunctiva (inflammation of the conjunctiva) with photophobia (light sensitivity) in the absence of trauma or foreign body?

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Differential Diagnosis for Injected Conjunctiva

Single Most Likely Diagnosis

  • Viral Conjunctivitis: This is the most likely diagnosis due to the presence of injected conjunctiva and light sensitivity without any history of trauma or foreign body. Viral conjunctivitis is a common condition that can cause these symptoms.

Other Likely Diagnoses

  • Bacterial Conjunctivitis: This condition can also cause injected conjunctiva and light sensitivity. It is often accompanied by a purulent discharge, which may or may not be present in this case.
  • Allergic Conjunctivitis: Allergic reactions can cause conjunctival injection and sensitivity to light. A history of allergies or exposure to allergens would support this diagnosis.
  • Iritis: Inflammation of the iris can cause light sensitivity and conjunctival injection. It is often accompanied by pain and decreased vision.

Do Not Miss Diagnoses

  • Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma: This is a medical emergency that can cause severe eye pain, light sensitivity, and conjunctival injection. It requires immediate treatment to prevent permanent vision loss.
  • Keratitis: Inflammation of the cornea can cause light sensitivity and conjunctival injection. It can be caused by infection, trauma, or other conditions.
  • Scleritis: Inflammation of the sclera can cause severe eye pain, light sensitivity, and conjunctival injection. It is often associated with systemic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.

Rare Diagnoses

  • Toxic Conjunctivitis: Exposure to certain toxins or chemicals can cause conjunctival injection and light sensitivity.
  • Parasitic Conjunctivitis: Certain parasites such as loa loa or onchocerca can cause conjunctivitis, although this is rare in most parts of the world.
  • Malignant Tumors: Rarely, conjunctival injection and light sensitivity can be caused by malignant tumors such as lymphoma or squamous cell carcinoma.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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