Differential Diagnosis for a 10-year-old Boy with Intermittent Fever and Mild Cough
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Viral upper respiratory tract infection: This is the most common cause of intermittent fever and mild cough in children, and the waxing and waning pattern of the fever is consistent with a viral etiology.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Influenza: Although the fever pattern is not typical for influenza, it's still a possible cause, especially during flu season.
- Pneumonia: Mild cough and intermittent fever could be symptoms of pneumonia, especially if the child has a history of underlying respiratory conditions.
- Pharyngitis: The child may have a throat infection, which could cause intermittent fever and mild cough.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Tuberculosis (TB): Although less common, TB can present with intermittent fever and cough, and it's crucial to consider this diagnosis, especially if the child has been exposed to someone with TB or has a weakened immune system.
- Lymphoma: Some types of lymphoma, such as Hodgkin lymphoma, can cause intermittent fever and cough, and it's essential to consider this diagnosis to avoid delayed diagnosis and treatment.
- Endocarditis: This is a rare but life-threatening condition that can cause intermittent fever, and it's crucial to consider this diagnosis, especially if the child has a history of heart conditions.
Rare Diagnoses
- Cystic fibrosis: This genetic disorder can cause recurrent respiratory infections, which may present with intermittent fever and cough.
- Immunodeficiency: Children with immunodeficiency disorders, such as HIV/AIDS or primary immunodeficiency, may be more prone to recurrent infections, which could cause intermittent fever and cough.
- Histoplasmosis: This fungal infection can cause symptoms similar to pneumonia, including intermittent fever and cough, and is more common in certain regions or in children who have been exposed to bird or bat droppings.