Differential Diagnosis for Dry Scalp Lesions
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Seborrheic Dermatitis: This is the most common cause of dry scalp lesions, characterized by a red, itchy, and flaky scalp. It is often associated with oily skin and can be triggered by stress, cold weather, and certain hair products.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Psoriasis: An autoimmune condition that causes red, scaly patches on the scalp, often accompanied by itching and flaking. It can be triggered by stress, trauma, and certain medications.
- Dandruff: A mild form of seborrheic dermatitis, characterized by a flaky and itchy scalp. It is often caused by a fungal infection and can be treated with anti-dandruff shampoos.
- Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis): A chronic skin condition that can cause dry, itchy, and inflamed skin on the scalp. It is often associated with allergies and asthma.
- Contact Dermatitis: A skin reaction that occurs when the scalp comes into contact with an irritant or allergen, such as hair dye, shampoo, or conditioner.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Tinea Capitis (Ringworm): A fungal infection that can cause circular, itchy, and scaly lesions on the scalp. It is highly contagious and can lead to hair loss if left untreated.
- Scalp Cellulitis: A bacterial infection that can cause redness, swelling, and warmth on the scalp. It can be serious and requires prompt antibiotic treatment.
- Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (Mycosis Fungoides): A rare type of skin cancer that can cause dry, scaly, and itchy lesions on the scalp. It is often misdiagnosed as eczema or psoriasis.
Rare Diagnoses
- Pityriasis Amiantacea: A rare skin condition that causes yellow, scaly lesions on the scalp, often accompanied by itching and hair loss.
- Keratosis Pilaris: A rare skin condition that causes small, rough patches on the scalp, often accompanied by dryness and itching.
- Lichen Planus: A rare autoimmune condition that can cause purple, itchy, and scaly lesions on the scalp. It is often associated with oral and genital lesions.