From the Guidelines
Ten diseases that cause secondary osteoporosis include endocrine disorders such as Cushing's syndrome, hyperthyroidism, hypogonadism, and hyperparathyroidism; gastrointestinal conditions like celiac disease and inflammatory bowel disease; rheumatologic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis; hematologic disorders including multiple myeloma and leukemia; and genetic disorders like osteogenesis imperfecta, as well as chronic renal failure, organ transplantation, and conditions associated with malabsorption or malnutrition 1. These conditions can lead to secondary osteoporosis by disrupting normal bone metabolism, either through excess hormone production, impaired nutrient absorption, or the release of bone-destroying factors.
- Key diseases that cause secondary osteoporosis are:
- Endocrine disorders: Cushing's syndrome, hyperthyroidism, hypogonadism, and hyperparathyroidism
- Gastrointestinal conditions: celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and malabsorption
- Rheumatologic diseases: rheumatoid arthritis
- Hematologic disorders: multiple myeloma and leukemia
- Genetic disorders: osteogenesis imperfecta
- Other conditions: chronic renal failure, organ transplantation, and conditions associated with malabsorption or malnutrition According to the most recent study 1, these conditions can be identified through a thorough medical history and physical examination, and proper management of secondary osteoporosis relies on early identification and treatment of the underlying condition.
- The study also highlights the importance of considering conditions such as chronic renal failure, organ transplantation, and malabsorption or malnutrition, which can also contribute to secondary osteoporosis 1. In addition to these conditions, other factors such as lifestyle choices and medications can also contribute to secondary osteoporosis, as noted in previous studies 1.
- However, the most recent and highest quality study 1 provides the most up-to-date guidance on the diseases that cause secondary osteoporosis, and should be prioritized in clinical decision-making.
From the Research
Diseases that Cause Secondary Osteoporosis
The following diseases are known to cause secondary osteoporosis:
- Primary hyperparathyroidism 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
- Hyperthyroidism 2, 4, 6
- Hypogonadism 2
- Growth hormone deficiency 2
- Cushing's syndrome 2, 6
- Anorexia nervosa 2
- Chronic kidney disease 3, 5
- Diabetes mellitus 4
Endocrine Disorders and Secondary Osteoporosis
Endocrine disorders are a common cause of secondary osteoporosis, with hormone excess or deficiency affecting bone remodeling 2, 4.