Differential Diagnosis for Arm Swelling During Walking
- Single most likely diagnosis
- Lymphedema: This condition is characterized by the abnormal accumulation of protein-rich fluid in the interstitial tissue, leading to swelling. It can be primary (inherited) or secondary (acquired) due to surgery, infection, or trauma. Walking can exacerbate lymphedema symptoms, causing arms to swell.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- Venous insufficiency: This condition occurs when the veins have problems returning blood to the heart, leading to blood pooling and swelling in the affected limb. Walking can increase venous pressure, worsening symptoms.
- Heart failure: Right-sided heart failure can cause fluid buildup in the body, leading to swelling (edema) in the arms and legs. Walking can increase the demand on the heart, exacerbating symptoms.
- Kidney disease: Certain kidney conditions, such as nephrotic syndrome, can cause fluid retention and swelling. Walking can increase fluid shifts, leading to arm swelling.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
- Deep vein thrombosis (DVT): A blood clot in the deep veins can cause swelling, pain, and warmth in the affected limb. While less common in the arms, DVT can occur and is a medical emergency.
- Superior vena cava syndrome: Obstruction of the superior vena cava can cause swelling, bluish discoloration, and shortness of breath. This condition is life-threatening and requires prompt medical attention.
- Rare diagnoses
- Thoracic outlet syndrome: Compression of the nerves and blood vessels in the thoracic outlet can cause swelling, pain, and numbness in the arms. Walking can exacerbate symptoms.
- Sarcoidosis: This inflammatory disease can cause swelling and skin lesions, including in the arms. While rare, sarcoidosis can be a consideration in patients with unexplained arm swelling.
- Amyloidosis: This condition involves the deposition of abnormal proteins in tissues, leading to swelling and organ dysfunction. Arm swelling can occur, although it is a rare manifestation of the disease.