From the Guidelines

It is generally recommended to have an echocardiogram after mitral valve repair at baseline, 1 year, and then every 2 to 3 years [ 1 ].

The initial post-procedural transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) is recommended 1 to 3 months after the procedure [ 1 ].
Annual clinical follow-up is also recommended for all patients after valve intervention at a Primary or Comprehensive Valve Center [ 1 ].
Repeat imaging may be done at shorter follow-up intervals for changing signs or symptoms, during pregnancy, and to monitor residual or concurrent cardiac dysfunction [ 1 ].
The timing of subsequent periodic imaging after valve intervention is based on the type of valve prosthesis or repair, length of time after valve intervention, residual valve dysfunction, ventricular size and systolic function, and any concurrent cardiac conditions [ 1 ].
TTE is the standard approach for periodic imaging, supplemented by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) when prosthetic mitral valve dysfunction is a concern [ 1 ].

From the Research

The frequency of echocardiograms after mitral valve repair varies depending on the patient's condition and the surgeon's preference 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
According to a study published in 2016, patients who underwent mitral valve repair were monitored with serial clinical and echocardiographic assessments at 1,3 to 6, and 12 months after the operation, and then every 1 to 2 years or when clinically indicated 2.
Another study published in 1998 found that echocardiographic follow-up was performed at 3 to 197 months (median 45) after mitral valve repair, with significant reductions in left-sided cavity dimensions and mitral regurgitation observed 3.
A 2024 study recommended a follow-up transoesophageal echocardiogram at 6 months after mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair to detect complications and assess mitral valve function 4.
The frequency of echocardiograms may also depend on the presence of residual mitral regurgitation or other complications, with more frequent monitoring recommended for patients with higher grades of regurgitation 5, 6.
Overall, the frequency of echocardiograms after mitral valve repair should be individualized based on the patient's clinical condition and the presence of any complications or residual mitral regurgitation 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.

The presence of residual mitral regurgitation or other complications, such as mitral stenosis or single leaflet device attachment, may require more frequent echocardiographic monitoring 2, 4, 5, 6.
The type of mitral valve repair performed, such as chordal shortening or annuloplasty ring, may also influence the frequency of echocardiograms 5.
Patient factors, such as age, left ventricular function, and presence of comorbidities, may also impact the frequency of echocardiographic follow-up 3, 6.
The surgeon's preference and institutional protocols may also play a role in determining the frequency of echocardiograms after mitral valve repair 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.