What are the implications of testicular trauma resulting in swelling, pain, and leukocytosis (White Blood Cell count elevation)?

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Differential Diagnosis for Testicle Trauma

Single most likely diagnosis

  • Epididymitis: This is the most likely diagnosis given the symptoms of testicle trauma, swelling, pain, and elevated WBC count. Epididymitis is an inflammation of the epididymis, which can be caused by trauma, infection, or other factors.

Other Likely diagnoses

  • Testicular torsion: Although less likely than epididymitis, testicular torsion is a possible diagnosis, especially if the trauma caused the testicle to twist and cut off its blood supply. The elevated WBC count and pain are consistent with this diagnosis.
  • Hematoma or hemorrhage: Trauma to the testicle can cause bleeding, leading to a hematoma or hemorrhage. The swelling and pain are consistent with this diagnosis, and the elevated WBC count may be a response to the trauma.
  • Orchitis: This is an inflammation of the testicle, which can be caused by trauma, infection, or other factors. The symptoms of pain, swelling, and elevated WBC count are consistent with orchitis.

Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)

  • Testicular rupture: This is a serious condition that requires immediate attention. If the testicle is ruptured, it can lead to infection, abscess, or even loss of the testicle. The symptoms of pain, swelling, and elevated WBC count are consistent with this diagnosis.
  • Necrotizing fasciitis: This is a rare but life-threatening condition that can occur after trauma to the testicle. The elevated WBC count and pain are consistent with this diagnosis, and it requires immediate attention to prevent serious complications.

Rare diagnoses

  • Testicular cancer: Although rare, testicular cancer can cause pain, swelling, and elevated WBC count. However, it is unlikely to be caused by trauma, and other symptoms such as a palpable mass or weight loss may be present.
  • Spermatic cord injury: This is a rare condition that can occur after trauma to the testicle. The symptoms of pain, swelling, and elevated WBC count are consistent with this diagnosis, but it is less likely than other diagnoses on this list.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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