Differential Diagnosis for Enlarged Lymph Node in the Groin of a 13-Month-Old
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Infectious lymphadenitis: This is the most common cause of lymphadenopathy in children, often resulting from bacterial or viral infections. The groin area is prone to infections due to its proximity to the genital and anal regions, making infectious lymphadenitis a likely diagnosis.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Cat-scratch disease: Caused by Bartonella henselae, this condition is common in children who have been scratched or bitten by cats. The bacteria can cause lymphadenopathy, particularly in the neck, armpits, or groin.
- Tuberculosis: Although less common in developed countries, tuberculosis (TB) can cause lymphadenopathy in any part of the body, including the groin. TB is more likely if the child has been exposed to someone with active TB.
- Atypical mycobacterial infection: Similar to TB, atypical mycobacteria can cause lymphadenitis, especially in immunocompromised children or those with exposure to contaminated water.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Lymphoma: Although rare in young children, lymphoma can present with lymphadenopathy. It is crucial to consider this diagnosis to ensure prompt treatment if necessary.
- Neuroblastoma: This type of cancer can cause lymphadenopathy, particularly in the neck, armpits, or groin. Neuroblastoma is more common in younger children, making it a critical diagnosis not to miss.
- Histiocytosis: Langerhans cell histiocytosis can cause lymphadenopathy, among other symptoms. This condition can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.
Rare Diagnoses
- Kawasaki disease: This condition can cause lymphadenopathy, but it is typically accompanied by other symptoms such as fever, rash, and conjunctivitis.
- Castleman disease: A rare condition that can cause lymphadenopathy, often with systemic symptoms like fever and weight loss.
- Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease): A rare condition characterized by lymphadenopathy, often with systemic symptoms like fever and weight loss.