Is a second newborn screening heel stick required if the child only had one initial heel stick for newborn screening (Newborn Screening, NBS)?

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Last updated: May 14, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Research

Yes, you should get the second newborn screening heel stick. Newborn screening typically requires two separate tests: the first one performed shortly after birth (usually 24-48 hours) and the second one at 1-2 weeks of age. The second screening is crucial because some conditions may not be detectable in the first few days of life. For example, congenital hypothyroidism and certain metabolic disorders may show false negative results on the first screen but become apparent on the second test. Missing these conditions could lead to serious health consequences including developmental delays, intellectual disability, or even death if left untreated. The second screening ensures comprehensive detection of potentially serious but treatable conditions. The procedure is quick, involving a small blood sample taken from the baby's heel, and the benefits of early detection far outweigh the momentary discomfort. According to a recent study 1, DNA sequencing in newborn screening has the potential to improve the diagnosis and management of rare diseases. However, the current standard of care still relies on tandem mass spectrometry and other biochemical analysis methods. Contact your pediatrician to schedule this important follow-up screening if it hasn't been done already.

Some key points to consider:

  • Newborn screening is a public health service aimed at identifying infants with severe genetic disorders, thus providing effective treatment early enough to prevent or ameliorate the onset of symptoms 2.
  • The application of enzymatic activity-based testing technology provides a reliable screening method for some disorders 2.
  • Genetic testing is now commonly used for secondary or confirmatory testing after a positive result in some NBS programs 2.
  • Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has emerged as a robust tool that enables large panels of genes to be scanned together rapidly, but its implementation in newborn screening programs is still being explored 1, 2.

It's essential to prioritize the health and well-being of the child, and getting the second newborn screening heel stick is a crucial step in ensuring comprehensive detection of potentially serious but treatable conditions.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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