From the Guidelines
Zinc gluconate is not recommended for use in sore throat treatment due to inconsistent evidence and potential adverse effects. The European Society for Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases guideline for the management of acute sore throat states that zinc gluconate is not recommended for sore throat treatment, with a rating of B-2 1. This recommendation is based on conflicting results from trials on the effectiveness of zinc gluconate, with patients in the zinc group experiencing more adverse effects 1.
Some key points to consider when evaluating the use of zinc for sore throat include:
- The potential for zinc to cause irritation or discomfort, especially in high concentrations
- The lack of firm recommendations on the dose, formulation, and duration of zinc use for sore throat treatment 1
- The importance of weighing the potential benefits of zinc against its potential adverse effects, particularly in patients with sore throat
In terms of alternative treatments, ibuprofen or paracetamol are recommended for relief of acute sore throat symptoms 1. If you're experiencing worsening throat pain with zinc supplements, consider discontinuing use and consulting a healthcare provider.
From the Research
Zinc and Sore Throat
- There is no direct evidence to suggest that zinc makes sore throat worse 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
- However, zinc supplements are commonly recommended and taken for the prevention and treatment of the common cold, which can include sore throat as a symptom 3, 5.
- The effectiveness of zinc in reducing the duration of colds is uncertain, with some studies suggesting a reduction in the mean duration of colds in days, while others find little or no difference 3.
- Zinc supplementation may increase the risk of non-serious adverse events, such as unpleasant taste, loss of smell, vomiting, stomach cramps, and diarrhea 3.
- The use of zinc lozenges, which are commonly used to treat sore throat, may have little or no effect on the prevention of colds, but may reduce the duration of ongoing colds 3.
Potential Interactions
- Excessive zinc intake can inhibit the absorption of copper and iron, leading to copper deficiency and anemia, respectively 6.
- Zinc toxicity can adversely affect the lipid profile and immune system, and its treatment depends on the mode of zinc acquisition 6.
- Oral zinc supplementation may decrease the absorption of certain drugs, such as ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, and risedronate 6.