Differential Diagnosis for Scalp Itching
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Seborrheic dermatitis: This is the most common cause of scalp itching, characterized by a red, itchy, and flaky scalp. It is often associated with oily skin and can be triggered by stress, cold weather, and certain hair products.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Dandruff: A common condition that causes flakes of dead skin to appear on the scalp, often accompanied by itching and redness.
- Psoriasis: An autoimmune condition that can cause red, scaly patches on the scalp, leading to itching and discomfort.
- Eczema (atopic dermatitis): A chronic skin condition that can cause itching, redness, and dryness on the scalp.
- Head lice: A parasitic infestation that can cause intense itching on the scalp, especially at night.
- Contact dermatitis: An allergic reaction to hair products, dyes, or other substances that can cause itching, redness, and irritation on the scalp.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Tinea capitis (ringworm): A fungal infection that can cause itching, redness, and hair loss on the scalp. If left untreated, it can lead to permanent scarring and hair loss.
- Scalp folliculitis: An infection of the hair follicles that can cause itching, redness, and pus-filled bumps on the scalp. If left untreated, it can lead to more serious infections.
- Alopecia areata: An autoimmune condition that can cause hair loss and itching on the scalp. If left untreated, it can lead to permanent hair loss.
Rare Diagnoses
- Kerion: A rare and severe form of tinea capitis that can cause intense itching, redness, and swelling on the scalp.
- Pityriasis amiantacea: A rare condition that causes yellow, oily scales to form on the scalp, often accompanied by itching and redness.
- Lichen planopilaris: A rare autoimmune condition that can cause itching, redness, and hair loss on the scalp.
- Sarcoidosis: A rare condition that can cause itching, redness, and hair loss on the scalp, often accompanied by other systemic symptoms.