What symptoms should a patient with a simple 5mm renal cyst look out for that would prompt further work-up?

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From the Research

Simple 5mm renal cysts typically do not require any follow-up or cause symptoms, and the patient does not need to actively look out for any specific symptoms related to this incidental finding. However, if the patient experiences any of the following symptoms, they should seek medical attention:

  • Severe flank pain
  • Blood in the urine (hematuria)
  • Persistent high blood pressure
  • Recurrent urinary tract infections These symptoms could indicate that the cyst has grown significantly, become complex, or is causing complications, such as a Page kidney, which can lead to secondary hypertension, as described in a case report published in The American Journal of Emergency Medicine 1. In such cases, further evaluation with imaging studies like ultrasound or CT scan may be necessary. It's essential to note that the vast majority of simple renal cysts remain asymptomatic and do not cause any problems. The 5mm size is considered very small, and at this size, it's highly unlikely to cause any issues. Simple renal cysts are common, especially as people age, and most do not require treatment or ongoing monitoring. The patient should continue with their regular health check-ups and inform their healthcare provider about this incidental finding during future visits, as patients often disclose urinary symptoms first to primary care providers during a general examination or a visit for another health problem 2. This will ensure that any changes or concerns can be addressed promptly if they arise.

References

Research

Flank pain and hematuria is not always a kidney stone.

The American journal of emergency medicine, 2021

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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