What is the effect of Humira (adalimumab) on osteoporosis?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: May 16, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

From the Guidelines

Humira (adalimumab) is not recommended for the treatment of osteoporosis, as it may have negative effects on bone health, and instead, medications like bisphosphonates, denosumab, or teriparatide should be used to reduce the risk of fractures. Humira is a TNF-alpha inhibitor primarily used to treat inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis [ 1 ]. While it effectively reduces inflammation in these conditions, it does not directly improve bone mineral density or prevent fractures associated with osteoporosis. In fact, some studies suggest that long-term use of TNF inhibitors like Humira, especially when combined with glucocorticoids, might contribute to bone loss.

Key Points to Consider

  • The American College of Physicians recommends using bisphosphonates for initial pharmacologic treatment of primary osteoporosis to reduce the risk of fractures [ 1 ].
  • Denosumab (Prolia) is suggested as a second-line pharmacologic treatment to reduce the risk of fractures in postmenopausal females diagnosed with primary osteoporosis who have contraindications to bisphosphonates [ 1 ].
  • Teriparatide, abaloparatide, or romosozumab may be used for females with primary osteoporosis at very high risk of fracture [ 1 ].
  • Calcium and vitamin D supplementation are also essential for maintaining bone health [ 1 ].

Treatment Approach

If you have both an inflammatory condition requiring Humira and osteoporosis, you would need separate treatment for each condition, and your doctor should monitor your bone health regularly. The treatment approach should prioritize medications that specifically target bone metabolism to either slow bone breakdown or stimulate new bone formation, rather than relying on Humira for osteoporosis treatment [ 1 ].

From the Research

Humera Effect on Osteoporosis

There is no direct evidence in the provided studies regarding the "humera effect" on osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis Treatment

  • Bisphosphonates are safe and effective agents for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis 2.
  • They increase bone mass and reduce the risk of vertebral fractures in patients with established osteoporosis 2, 3.
  • Alendronate and risedronate are the most studied bisphosphonates for osteoporosis treatment and have been shown to reduce the risk of hip and nonvertebral fractures 2, 3.
  • The use of bisphosphonates has been limited due to the risk of rare side effects, and treatment duration has been restricted to up to 10 years with oral bisphosphonates and 6 years with intravenous zoledronic acid 3.

Bisphosphonates and Bone Strength

  • Bisphosphonates reduce the risk of fracture by suppressing bone resorption and increasing bone strength 4.
  • The mechanism by which bisphosphonates improve bone strength is not fully understood but probably involves complex effects on different components of bone strength, such as microarchitecture 5.

Treatment Strategies

  • Sequential treatment, starting with a bone-building drug (e.g., teriparatide), followed by an antiresorptive, may provide better long-term fracture prevention for patients with severe osteoporosis and high fracture risk 3.
  • Combining a bisphosphonate with other agents, such as estrogen or raloxifene, may produce greater gains in bone mass, but the effect on fracture risk is not clear 2.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Treatment of osteoporosis with bisphosphonates.

Rheumatic diseases clinics of North America, 2001

Research

The use of bisphosphonates in the treatment of osteoporosis.

Current opinion in rheumatology, 2005

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.