From the Guidelines

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common complaints in adult men that are often bothersome and negatively affect quality of life.

LUTS are characterized by a range of symptoms, including storage, voiding, and post-micturition symptoms [ 1 ].
The prevalence of LUTS increases with age, and it is expected that the burden of LUTS will increase due to future demographic changes [ 1 ].

LUTS can be classified into three main categories:
- Storage symptoms, such as urgency, frequency, and nocturia
- Voiding symptoms, such as weak stream, straining, and prolonged urination
- Post-micturition symptoms, such as dribbling and incomplete emptying [ 1 ]

LUTS can be caused by a variety of factors, including benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), detrusor overactivity, and nocturnal polyuria [ 1 ].
Modifiable risk factors, such as lifestyle and dietary factors, may also contribute to the development of LUTS [ 1 ].

The assessment of men with LUTS should include a careful medical history, physical examination, and validated symptom scores [ 1 ].
Additional tests, such as urine tests, uroflowmetry, and post-void urine residual, may also be necessary to determine the underlying cause of LUTS [ 1 ].

From the Research

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) result from conditions and diseases that affect the bladder and the urethra, and can occur in men and women of all ages 2.
LUTS can be categorized as voiding, storage, or postvoiding in nature 3.
Symptoms can be debilitating and affect a person's quality of life significantly 2.

LUTS increase with age and are prevalent in both male and female patients, with differences in the prevalence of individual storage, voiding, and postmicturition symptoms representing underlying pathophysiologic factors between the sexes 4.
A number of evidence suggests that other than ageing, modifiable factors, such as increasing prostate volume, obesity, diet, dyslipidemia, hormonal imbalance, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, alcohol, and smoking, also contribute to the development of LUTS 5.
The overall prevalence of any and moderate-to-severe LUTS was 63.2% and 31.3%, respectively, with a higher prevalence of moderate-to-severe LUTS observed in male subjects and individuals aged ≥60 6.

The most common symptom was storage symptoms (56.7%), followed by voiding symptoms (36.4%) and post-micturition symptoms (30.7%) 6.
Erectile dysfunction (ED) symptoms frequently overlap with LUTS and treatment must address both conditions 3.

The prevalence of LUTS has been increasing since the 1990s, with a higher burden in male subjects, older individuals, and the Asian population 6.
The global prevalence of LUTS is high, with a significant impact on the quality of life for patients 6.