From the Guidelines
To interpret labs effectively, it is crucial to consider the patient's clinical context, including symptoms, medical history, and medications, as these factors significantly influence how results should be interpreted. When evaluating abnormal liver chemistry tests, such as elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, it is essential to take into account the patient's risk factors for liver disease, alcohol consumption, and comorbid conditions 1. The interpretation of abnormal liver chemistries must be taken in the clinical context of a given patient, and a decision about the need for further diagnostic evaluation and/or the appropriate evaluation can best be made based on the specific clinical scenario of the individual patient 1.
Some key points to consider when interpreting labs include:
- Identifying the specific test results and comparing them to the reference ranges provided
- Looking for values that are significantly higher or lower than normal, as these may indicate health issues
- Paying attention to patterns across multiple tests, as they can provide a more comprehensive picture of the patient's health status
- Considering the patient's clinical context, including symptoms, medical history, and medications
- Remembering that minor deviations from normal ranges don't always indicate disease, and some values naturally vary based on age, sex, and other factors
For example, elevated liver enzymes (ALT, AST) might suggest liver inflammation, while abnormal electrolyte levels could indicate kidney problems or dehydration 1. It is also important to review previous blood test records and past/current medical history before requesting additional investigations and referrals 1. By taking a comprehensive approach to lab interpretation, healthcare providers can make informed decisions about patient care and recommend appropriate follow-up actions.
From the FDA Drug Label
The FDA drug label does not answer the question.
From the Research
Interpreting Lab Results
To interpret lab results, it is essential to consider the patient's history and examination, as abnormal results are defined by standardized laboratory thresholds 2. The pattern and severity of liver injury can provide clues about the cause of disease and guide diagnostic evaluation.
Key Factors in Lab Result Interpretation
- Abnormal liver test results can signal the presence of acute or chronic liver disease 2
- A systematic, stepwise approach to evaluation and management of abnormal liver test results is recommended to optimize high-value care 2
- Liver function tests, such as AST, ALT, and GGT, can be used to assess liver damage and monitor treatment efficacy 3, 4
Treatment and Management
- Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and vitamin E have been shown to improve liver function tests in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) 3
- UDCA has also been found to have a beneficial effect on dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) 4
- Antioxidant supplements, such as beta-carotene, vitamin A, C, E, and selenium, have been suggested as potential therapeutics for various liver diseases, but the evidence is equivocal 5
Patient History and Communication
- Taking a comprehensive patient history is fundamental for accurate diagnosis and effective management of health conditions 6
- Important communication skills for nurses when history taking include active listening, empathetic communication, and cultural sensitivity 6
- Engaging the patient in a conversation about their health issues can facilitate their participation and autonomy 6