From the Research
Bone fusion closure in Middle Eastern populations typically completes between ages 18-25 for most major long bones, with the clavicle being the last to fuse, occurring between ages 25-30, as supported by general trends in skeletal development 1. When considering bone fusion in the Middle Eastern population, several factors come into play, including genetic, nutritional, and environmental influences.
- The process of bone fusion, or epiphyseal closure, is driven by hormonal changes during puberty, with estrogen and testosterone playing key roles in signaling the closure of growth plates.
- Nutritional status is a significant factor, with better-nourished individuals often showing earlier completion of bone fusion.
- Individual variation must also be considered, as well as the fact that females generally complete bone fusion 1-2 years earlier than males. The most recent and relevant study on improving the management of patients with osteoporosis undergoing spinal fusion highlights the need for a bone mineral density-matched interbody cage 1.
- This study emphasizes the importance of considering the patient's bone mineral density status when selecting an interbody fusion device, particularly in populations with a high prevalence of osteoporosis.
- The development of lattice-designed cages that mimic the structure of native cancellous bone may provide a solution for patients with weak underlying bone stock, reducing the risk of post-operative implant-related adverse events. While the provided evidence does not directly address bone fusion closure in the Middle Eastern population, it highlights the importance of considering bone health and density in the management of osteoporosis and spinal fusion 2, 3, 4, 5.
- The use of bisphosphonates, calcium, and vitamin D supplementation has been shown to be effective in preventing bone loss and reducing the risk of fractures in patients with osteoporosis 2, 3, 4, 5.
- However, the most recent and highest quality study 1 suggests that a more personalized approach, taking into account the patient's bone mineral density status, may be necessary for optimal management of osteoporosis and spinal fusion.