What are the side effects of bupropion (Wellbutrin)?

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From the Guidelines

Wellbutrin (bupropion) is associated with common side effects such as dry mouth and insomnia, as well as more serious but less common side effects like seizures, particularly at higher doses 1. When considering the side effects of Wellbutrin, it's essential to weigh the benefits against the potential risks.

  • Common side effects include:
    • Dry mouth
    • Insomnia
    • Headache
    • Rash
    • Urticaria
    • Tremor
  • More serious but less common side effects include:
    • Seizures, with a rate of 1/1000, especially in individuals with a history of seizures or structural brain lesions 1
    • High blood pressure
    • Severe allergic reactions The medication's side effect profile is dose-related, with higher doses increasing the risk of adverse effects 1.
  • Typical dropout rates due to adverse effects range from 7% to 12% in clinical trials, but can be as high as 25.9% to 31.1% in clinical practice settings 1. It's crucial to monitor patients for potential side effects and adjust the dosage or discontinue the medication if necessary.
  • Patients with certain conditions, such as seizure disorders or eating disorders, should use Wellbutrin with caution or avoid it altogether 1.

From the FDA Drug Label

Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (XL) can cause serious side effects The most common side effects of bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (XL) include: • trouble sleeping • feeling anxious • stuffy nose • nausea • dry mouth • constipation • dizziness • joint aches Some people have even experienced suicidal thoughts when trying to quit smoking without medication. Sometimes quitting smoking can lead to worsening of mental health problems that you already have, such as depression Some people have had serious side effects while taking bupropion to help them quit smoking, including: New or worse mental health problems, such as changes in behavior or thinking, aggression, hostility, agitation, depression, or suicidal thoughts or actions

Side effects of Wellbutrin (bupropion) may include:

  • Common side effects: trouble sleeping, feeling anxious, stuffy nose, nausea, dry mouth, constipation, dizziness, joint aches
  • Serious side effects: suicidal thoughts, new or worse mental health problems, changes in behavior or thinking, aggression, hostility, agitation, depression 2 2

From the Research

Side Effects of Wellbutrin

The side effects of Wellbutrin, also known as bupropion, are numerous and can vary in severity. Some of the common side effects include:

  • Agitation
  • Dry mouth
  • Insomnia
  • Headaches
  • Migraines
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Constipation
  • Tremor 3
  • Nervousness 4
  • Anxiety 5

Serious Side Effects

More serious side effects of Wellbutrin can include:

  • Seizures, which can be a major concern, especially at high doses 3, 4
  • Cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions, such as urticaria and angioedema 5

Comparison with Other Antidepressants

Wellbutrin has a unique mechanism of action compared to other antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). While SSRIs can have side effects like nausea, diarrhea, and sexual dysfunction, Wellbutrin is known to have a lower risk of sexual side effects 4. However, Wellbutrin can have a higher risk of seizures and other serious side effects.

Special Considerations

It's essential to note that Wellbutrin can interact with other medications, such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and should not be combined with them 4. Additionally, patients with certain medical conditions, such as epilepsy or eating disorders, should use Wellbutrin with caution 3, 4.

References

1
Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

3
Research

Other Antidepressants.

Handbook of experimental pharmacology, 2019

4
Research

Bupropion: pharmacology and therapeutic applications.

Expert review of neurotherapeutics, 2006

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Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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