What is the diagnosis for a 48-year-old male presenting with a firm, mobile lump at the bottom of his right testicle, with minimal tenderness?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: May 20, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

Differential Diagnosis for a Firm Lump at the Bottom of the Right Testicle

  • Single most likely diagnosis
    • Epididymal cyst: This is the most likely diagnosis given the description of a firm, mobile lump at the bottom of the testicle with minimal tenderness. Epididymal cysts are common and usually benign, presenting as a palpable mass that can be transilluminated.
  • Other Likely diagnoses
    • Spermatocele: A spermatocele is a cystic structure that forms at the head of the epididymis and can present similarly to an epididymal cyst. It is also usually benign and may contain sperm.
    • Hydrocele: Although a hydrocele typically presents as a swelling of the entire scrotum, a small hydrocele could potentially be mistaken for a lump at the bottom of the testicle. It is characterized by the accumulation of fluid around a testicle.
  • Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
    • Testicular cancer: While less common, testicular cancer is a critical diagnosis not to miss. It can present as a firm, painless lump in the testicle. Given the potential for serious outcomes if not treated promptly, it is essential to consider this in the differential diagnosis.
    • Epididymitis or orchitis: Inflammation of the epididymis (epididymitis) or testis (orchitis) can cause a lump and tenderness. Although the patient reports minimal tenderness, these conditions can have varying presentations and are important to rule out due to their potential for complications.
  • Rare diagnoses
    • Adenomatoid tumor: A rare, benign tumor of the epididymis or testicle that can present as a firm lump.
    • Lipoma of the spermatic cord: A benign tumor composed of fat tissue that can occur in the spermatic cord and present as a lump near the testicle.
    • Varicocele: An enlargement of the veins within the scrotum, which can feel like a lump or swelling, typically on the left side but can occur on the right. It's more common in younger men and associated with a "bag of worms" sensation.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.