Differential Diagnosis for New Wheezing in a Patient without Known Asthma in the Setting of a Viral URI
- Single most likely diagnosis
- Viral-induced bronchospasm: This is the most likely diagnosis given the context of a viral URI, as many viruses can trigger bronchospasm and wheezing in individuals without a history of asthma.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- Acute bronchitis: Often presents with cough and wheezing, especially in the setting of a viral infection.
- Viral pneumonia: Can cause wheezing, especially if there is involvement of the smaller airways.
- Allergic reaction: Although less common, an allergic reaction to something in the environment could present with new wheezing.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
- Pulmonary embolism: Although wheezing is not a typical presentation, it can occur, especially if there is associated pulmonary infarction.
- Pneumothorax: A spontaneous pneumothorax can cause sudden onset of wheezing and shortness of breath.
- Anaphylaxis: A severe, life-threatening allergic reaction that can present with wheezing, among other symptoms.
- Rare diagnoses
- Churg-Strauss syndrome: A rare autoimmune disorder that can cause wheezing and is often associated with a history of asthma or allergies.
- Bronchiolitis obliterans: A rare condition characterized by inflammation and obstruction of the small airways, which can cause wheezing.
- Parasitic infections (e.g., parasitic pneumonia): Certain parasites can infect the lungs and cause wheezing, although this is rare in most parts of the world.