What type of insulin is used in an intravenous (IV) insulin infusion?

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Last updated: February 7, 2025 • View editorial policy

From the Guidelines

Insulin Type for IV Infusion

Short-acting insulin is used in an intravenous (IV) insulin infusion.

  • The most commonly used short-acting insulin for IV infusion is human regular insulin 1, 2.
  • The dose of short-acting insulin for IV infusion can be started at 0.05 units/kg/h and adjusted based on glycemic fluctuations and immediate past and current insulin infusion rates 1, 2.
  • The use of short-acting insulin as a fixed-rate IV infusion or nurse-driven protocol with a variable rate based on glucose values is recommended for managing diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) 1, 2.
  • There is no significant difference in outcomes for intravenous human regular insulin versus subcutaneous rapid-acting analogs when combined with aggressive fluid management for treating mild or moderate DKA 3.

From the FDA Drug Label

Intravenous administration of Humulin R U-100 is possible under medical supervision with close monitoring of blood glucose and potassium levels to avoid hypoglycemia and hypokalemia. For intravenous use, Humulin R U-100 should be used at concentrations from 0.1 unit/mL to 1 unit/mL in infusion systems with the infusion fluids 0.9% sodium chloride using polyvinyl chloride infusion bags.

The type of insulin used in an intravenous (IV) insulin infusion is Humulin R U-100, which is a short-acting insulin 4.

From the Research

Type of Insulin Used in IV Infusion

  • The type of insulin used in an intravenous (IV) insulin infusion is typically regular insulin, which is a short-acting insulin 5, 6.
  • Regular insulin is often used in IV infusions because of its rapid onset of action and short duration of effect, making it easier to control blood glucose levels 5.
  • The use of regular insulin in IV infusions is supported by studies that have shown its effectiveness in managing hyperglycemia in various clinical settings, including emergency departments and non-intensive care units 5, 7, 6.

Administration of IV Insulin Infusion

  • IV insulin infusions can be administered using different regimens, including bolus injections and continuous infusions 5.
  • The choice of regimen depends on the clinical context and the patient's individual needs, such as the severity of hyperglycemia and the presence of other medical conditions 5, 7.
  • Studies have shown that IV insulin infusions can be safely and effectively administered in non-intensive care units, with careful monitoring of blood glucose levels and adjustment of the infusion rate as needed 7.

Safety and Efficacy of IV Insulin Infusion

  • IV insulin infusions have been shown to be effective in reducing blood glucose levels and improving glycemic control in patients with hyperglycemia 5, 7, 6.
  • However, IV insulin infusions can also be associated with potential risks, such as hypoglycemia and hypokalemia, which require careful monitoring and management 5, 6.
  • Studies have highlighted the importance of careful patient selection, monitoring, and adjustment of the infusion rate to minimize the risks associated with IV insulin infusions 7, 6.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.