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From the Research
Definition and Characteristics of Psychogenic Polydipsia
- Psychogenic polydipsia is characterized by excessive thirst, followed by the overconsumption of liquids 1, 2.
- This condition is seen in an array of mental illnesses, especially schizophrenia 1, 2, 3.
- Psychogenic polydipsia can lead to hyponatremia, which can lead to neurologic sequelae, such as seizures, cerebral edema, and death 1, 2.
Differential Diagnosis
- The differential diagnosis of psychogenic polydipsia includes central diabetes insipidus (CDI) and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus 4, 5.
- The gold standard for differentiating between these disorders is the water deprivation test, but new options such as measurement of copeptin have been proposed 4.
- Clear diagnostic criteria and an interdisciplinary approach are necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of psychogenic polydipsia 5.
Treatment Options
- Treatment options for psychogenic polydipsia include behavioral modifications, medications to modify free water excretion, and psychotropic medications to target psychotic symptoms 1, 2, 3.
- Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been used in some cases, with promising results 3.
- Management of psychogenic polydipsia is a difficult task, and it is essential to understand the available management options to prevent water intoxication and the consequences of hyponatremia 2.