Differential Diagnosis for Gram Positive Cocci in Cluster
- Single most likely diagnosis
- Staphylococcus aureus: This is the most common cause of gram-positive cocci in clusters, often associated with skin and soft tissue infections, as well as more severe conditions like bacteremia and endocarditis.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- Staphylococcus epidermidis: A common skin commensal that can cause infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients or those with indwelling medical devices.
- Staphylococcus saprophyticus: Often associated with urinary tract infections, especially in young, sexually active women.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
- MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus): A resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus that can cause severe infections and has significant implications for treatment.
- Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Although rare, this strain is highly resistant to common antibiotics and would require specialized treatment.
- Rare diagnoses
- Micrococcus: While less common, Micrococcus species can appear as gram-positive cocci in clusters and may be associated with infections in immunocompromised patients.
- Stomatococcus mucilaginosus: Now known as Rothia mucilaginosa, this bacterium can appear as gram-positive cocci and is associated with infections in patients with compromised immune systems or those with medical devices.