Differential Diagnosis of Itchy Eyes in a 10-Year-Old Male
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Allergic conjunctivitis: This is the most common cause of itchy eyes in children, often associated with other allergic symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, and coughing. The itchiness is usually bilateral and accompanied by redness and tearing.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Blepharitis: Inflammation of the eyelids can cause itchiness, redness, and swelling. It's often associated with poor eyelid hygiene or meibomian gland dysfunction.
- Dry eye syndrome: Although less common in children, dry eye can cause itchiness, especially if the child spends a lot of time staring at screens or has an underlying condition that affects tear production.
- Conjunctival foreign body: A foreign body, such as an eyelash or a small piece of debris, can cause localized itchiness and discomfort.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Acute angle-closure glaucoma: Although rare in children, this condition can cause severe eye pain, redness, and blurred vision, accompanied by itchiness. It's a medical emergency that requires prompt treatment.
- Keratoconus: A progressive eye disease that can cause vision problems, itchiness, and eye discomfort. If left untreated, it can lead to significant vision loss.
- Uveitis: Inflammation of the uvea can cause eye pain, redness, and sensitivity to light, accompanied by itchiness. It can be associated with underlying systemic conditions, such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
Rare Diagnoses
- Vernal keratoconjunctivitis: A rare, seasonal allergic condition that can cause severe itchiness, photophobia, and vision problems.
- Atopic keratoconjunctivitis: A rare condition associated with atopic dermatitis, which can cause chronic itchiness, redness, and vision problems.
- Ocular rosacea: A rare condition that can cause eye redness, itchiness, and burning sensation, often associated with skin rosacea.