From the FDA Drug Label
INDICATIONS AND USAGE HYDROQUINONE USP, 4% SKIN BLEACHING CREAM is indicated for the gradual bleaching of hyperpigmented skin conditions such as chloasma, melasma, freckles, senile lentigines, and other unwanted areas of melanin hyperpigmentation. The most popular compounded Lightening Cream is Hydroquinone cream, specifically Hydroquinone USP, 4% skin bleaching cream 1.
- Key ingredients: Hydroquinone
- Key uses:
- Bleaching of hyperpigmented skin conditions
- Chloasma
- Melasma
- Freckles
- Senile lentigines
- Other unwanted areas of melanin hyperpigmentation
From the Research
The most popular compounded lightening creams include hydroquinone-based formulations, such as Kligman's formula and triple combination cream, as well as custom preparations with ingredients like kojic acid, azelaic acid, and niacinamide, as supported by recent studies 2, 3. These creams work by inhibiting tyrosinase, increasing cell turnover, reducing inflammation, and providing antioxidant effects. Some key points to consider when using these creams include:
- Consistent application for 8-12 weeks is typically required before showing significant results
- Daily broad-spectrum sunscreen (SPF 30+) should be used to prevent hyperpigmentation rebound
- Side effects may include irritation, redness, and dryness, particularly with higher concentrations of active ingredients
- It's essential to obtain these formulations through a licensed healthcare provider rather than unregulated sources to ensure safety and efficacy. The specific combination and concentration of ingredients are typically customized by dermatologists based on skin type, condition severity, and treatment goals, as seen in studies such as 4 and 5. Additionally, newer ingredients like lignin peroxidase have shown promise in skin lightening, with studies like 6 demonstrating its efficacy and safety. However, hydroquinone remains a widely used and effective ingredient, with the most effective and tolerable formulations combining hydroquinone, retinoid, and corticosteroid, as supported by 3.