From the Guidelines
A sitz bath is recommended as part of the non-operative management of anal fissures, specifically as a sphincter muscle relaxer, to achieve internal anal sphincter (IAS) relaxation, reduce pain, and facilitate the healing process. According to the guidelines from the World Journal of Emergency Surgery 1, the primary goals of anal fissure (AF) therapy include achieving IAS relaxation, minimizing anal trauma, increasing blood flow, and treating pain. Sitz baths, along with other medical therapies, are cornerstones of non-operative management (NOM) for AF.
The use of sitz baths is supported by the fact that they promote relaxation of the anal sphincter muscle, which is essential for reducing pain and facilitating the healing process. Other treatments, such as stool softeners, calcium channel blockers (e.g., Diltiazem or Nifedipine), and nitrates (e.g., Nitroglycerin), can also be used in conjunction with sitz baths to achieve optimal results.
Some key points to consider when using sitz baths include:
- Filling a clean bathtub with 3-4 inches of warm water (around 100-105°F) and sitting in it for 15-20 minutes, 2-3 times daily
- Using a specialized sitz bath basin that fits over the toilet seat as an alternative
- Adding 1-2 tablespoons of Epsom salt or baking soda to the water for enhanced healing
- Gently patting the area dry with a clean towel after the bath, rather than rubbing
- Avoiding sitz baths if you have open wounds, unless specifically directed by your doctor, due to the risk of infection or delayed healing 1.
It is essential to note that while sitz baths are beneficial, they should be used in conjunction with other treatments, such as medical therapy and lifestyle changes, to achieve optimal results. The guidelines suggest that administration of therapy for at least 6 weeks is recommended, with pain relief usually occurring after 14 days 1.
From the Research
Sitz Bath Overview
- A sitz bath is a form of behavioral therapy used in the management of hemorrhoids [ 2 ].
- It is one of the mainstays of initial therapy for hemorrhoids, along with medical management and dietary modifications [ 2 ].
Uses of Sitz Bath
- Sitz baths are used to help manage the symptoms of hemorrhoids, such as pain and discomfort [ 2 ].
- They are often recommended as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes other therapies, such as stool softeners and topical preparations [ 2 ].