What is the incidence of Z-disk myopathy (Zidis myopathy)?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: May 23, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

From the Guidelines

Zitis myopathy is not a recognized medical condition in current medical literature, and therefore, there is no established incidence rate for this condition. The provided evidence does not mention Zitis myopathy, and a thorough review of the literature does not yield any information on this condition. If you are referring to a specific type of myopathy (muscle disease), it may be helpful to clarify the exact condition of interest, as there are numerous forms of myopathies with varying incidence rates. Common myopathies include inflammatory myopathies like polymyositis and dermatomyositis (with incidence rates of approximately 1-10 cases per million people annually), metabolic myopathies, congenital myopathies, and toxic myopathies, as discussed in 1 and 1. Each has distinct characteristics, causes, and epidemiological profiles. For example, the incidence of DMD was determined to be 1 in 3600 to 1 in 9300 male births, as reported in 1. If you're researching a specific muscle disorder, consulting with a neurologist or rheumatologist would provide the most accurate information about its incidence and clinical significance.

Some key points to consider when evaluating myopathies include:

  • The clinical manifestations and age of onset, which can vary widely among different types of myopathies
  • The genetic basis of the condition, such as the expansion of unstable nucleotide repeats in myotonic dystrophy, as discussed in 1
  • The potential for cardiac involvement, which is a significant concern in certain myopathies, such as DMD and BMD, as reported in 1
  • The importance of early diagnosis and treatment, which can significantly impact morbidity, mortality, and quality of life for individuals with myopathies.

In the absence of any information on Zitis myopathy, it is essential to prioritize a thorough medical evaluation to determine the underlying cause of any muscle-related symptoms, rather than relying on a potentially non-existent condition. This approach will ensure that individuals receive appropriate care and management for their specific condition, which is critical for optimizing outcomes and improving quality of life.

From the Research

Incidence of Statin-Induced Myopathy

  • The incidence of statin-induced myopathy is estimated to be around 10-15% of statin users, with muscle-related complaints ranging from mild myalgia to more severe muscle symptoms with significant CPK elevations 2.
  • Statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) are reported by 10% to 25% of patients receiving statin therapy, and can range from mild-to-moderate muscle pain, weakness, or fatigue to potentially life-threatening rhabdomyolysis 3.
  • The incidence rates of muscle-related complaints predicted from clinical trials may underestimate the rate of occurrence of these side effects in clinical practice 4.

Risk Factors for Statin-Induced Myopathy

  • Risk factors for statin-induced myopathy include polypharmacy, high-dose statin treatment, aging, and diabetes 4.
  • Individual demographic features, genetic factors, and co-morbidities may account for the significant interindividual variability in the myopathic risk 5.
  • Physicochemical properties of statins and pharmacokinetic interactions with concomitant medications can also increase the risk of statin-related myopathy 5.

Pathophysiology and Mechanisms

  • The etiology of statin-induced myopathy is not well understood, but potential contributing mechanisms include decreases in mevalonate pathway products, mitochondrial dysfunction, alterations in gene expression related to apoptosis and protein degradation, and genetic predisposition 4.
  • Mechanisms that underlie the pathogenesis of SAMS remain unclear, but a high number of risk factors may increase the probability of myotoxicity induced by statin therapy 3.

Note: There is no information available on "Zitis myopathy" in the provided studies. The information provided is related to statin-induced myopathy.

References

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.