What is the cause of a mild, ongoing right testicular ache with ultrasonography (US) showing a small epididymal cyst?

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Differential Diagnosis for Right Achy Testicle with Small Epididymal Cyst on US

  • Single most likely diagnosis:
    • Epididymitis: This is the most likely diagnosis given the presence of a small epididymal cyst and mild, ongoing testicular ache. Epididymitis can cause chronic or recurrent pain and may be associated with epididymal cysts.
  • Other Likely diagnoses:
    • Testicular torsion (partial or intermittent): Although the patient's symptoms are mild and ongoing, partial or intermittent testicular torsion could cause intermittent pain and might not always present with the classic acute severe pain.
    • Varicocele: A varicocele could cause a dull ache in the testicle and might be associated with an epididymal cyst, although this is less common.
    • Hydrocele: A hydrocele could cause discomfort or a feeling of heaviness in the testicle, and while it's not directly related to an epididymal cyst, it's a common condition that could coexist.
  • Do Not Miss diagnoses:
    • Testicular cancer: Although testicular cancer is less common, it's crucial to consider it in the differential diagnosis, especially if there's a palpable mass or significant testicular asymmetry. The presence of an epididymal cyst does not rule out testicular cancer.
    • Acute epididymitis (bacterial or viral): While the patient's symptoms are mild and ongoing, it's essential to consider acute epididymitis, especially if there are signs of infection or systemic symptoms.
  • Rare diagnoses:
    • Spermatocele: A spermatocele is a cystic structure filled with sperm, which could cause testicular discomfort or pain, although it's less common than an epididymal cyst.
    • Adrenal rest tumors: These rare tumors can cause testicular pain and might be associated with other systemic symptoms, although they are uncommon.
    • Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) or other vasculitides: These conditions can cause testicular pain due to inflammation of the blood vessels and are essential to consider, although they are rare.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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