What are the symptoms of Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) inhibitor withdrawal?

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From the Research

Symptoms of Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) Inhibitor Withdrawal

The symptoms of MAO inhibitor withdrawal can be severe and include:

  • Nausea, sweating, palpitations, nightmares, and psychosis 1
  • Severe anxiety, agitation, pressured speech, sleeplessness or drowsiness, hallucinations, delirium, and paranoid psychosis 2
  • Somatic and psychological symptoms, which can be mistaken for signs of a relapse into depression 3
  • Myoclonic seizures after abrupt discontinuation of MAOIs and other agents 1
  • Acute organic psychosis marked by visual, auditory, and tactile hallucinations after abrupt discontinuation of phenelzine 4

Comparison of Withdrawal Symptoms

The withdrawal symptoms of MAOIs can be compared to those of other antidepressants, such as:

  • Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which generally produce mild and transient symptoms 3
  • Psychostimulants, which can produce similar symptoms to MAOI withdrawal 2

Special Considerations

When discontinuing MAOIs, it is essential to:

  • Monitor patients closely for withdrawal symptoms 5
  • Use a low-tyramine diet to minimize the risk of adverse effects 5
  • Consider a gradual tapering of the medication to reduce the risk of withdrawal symptoms 3

References

Research

Myoclonic seizures after abrupt withdrawal from phenelzine and alprazolam.

The Journal of nervous and mental disease, 1987

Research

Heterocyclic antidepressant, monoamine oxidase inhibitor and neuroleptic withdrawal phenomena.

Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry, 1990

Research

Antidepressant discontinuation: a review of the literature.

The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 1997

Research

Acute psychosis following phenelzine discontinuation.

Journal of clinical psychopharmacology, 1985

Research

Rapid conversion from one monoamine oxidase inhibitor to another.

The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 1997

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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