What are the side effects of Pentachlorophenol (PCP)?

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Last updated: May 24, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Research

Pentachlorophenol exposure is strongly associated with an increased risk of various cancers, including lymph, blood, nasopharynx, gallbladder, pancreas, respiratory system, and liver cancers, as evidenced by a recent ecological study 1.

Side Effects of Pentachlorophenol Exposure

Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is a toxic chemical that can cause serious side effects, including:

  • Skin irritation and burning sensations
  • Respiratory problems
  • Excessive sweating
  • Fever
  • Increased heart rate
  • Convulsions
  • Kidney and liver damage
  • Death in severe cases Long-term exposure to PCP has been linked to cancer, reproductive issues, and damage to the immune system 2, 3, 4.

Mechanism of Toxicity

The toxicity of PCP stems from its ability to disrupt cellular energy production by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria, which explains why fever and increased metabolic rate are common symptoms of exposure.

Prevention and Treatment

If exposure to PCP occurs, it is essential to:

  • Immediately remove contaminated clothing
  • Wash affected skin thoroughly with soap and water
  • Seek medical attention Those working with PCP should use proper protective equipment, including gloves, respirators, and protective clothing.

Cancer Risk

The most recent and highest quality study 1 found that high-level exposure to PCP is associated with a significantly increased risk of various cancers, including:

  • Lymph cancer (SRR = 19.44,95% CI = 15.00-25.19)
  • Blood cancer (SRR = 17.24,95% CI = 12.92-23.01)
  • Nasopharynx cancer (SRR = 3.97,95% CI = 3.75-4.21)
  • Gallbladder cancer (SRR = 3.46,95% CI = 3.09-3.87)
  • Pancreas cancer (SRR = 3.41,95% CI = 3.07-3.79)
  • Respiratory system cancer (SRR = 3.41,95% CI = 3.27-3.57)
  • Liver cancer (SRR = 3.31,95% CI = 3.09-3.56)

Overall, the evidence suggests that PCP exposure is a significant health risk, and measures should be taken to minimize exposure and prevent adverse health effects.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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