What are the symptoms and treatment options for a Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in a female?

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Differential Diagnosis for UTI in Females

  • Single most likely diagnosis
    • Uncomplicated cystitis: This is the most common diagnosis for a female presenting with symptoms of a UTI, such as dysuria, frequency, and urgency. The majority of cases are caused by Escherichia coli.
  • Other Likely diagnoses
    • Pyelonephritis: An infection of the upper urinary tract, which can present with symptoms such as flank pain, fever, and chills, in addition to the typical symptoms of a UTI.
    • Urethritis: Inflammation of the urethra, which can be caused by infection or other factors, and may present with symptoms such as dysuria and discharge.
    • Interstitial cystitis: A chronic condition characterized by bladder pressure, bladder pain, and sometimes pelvic pain, which can be mistaken for a UTI.
  • Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
    • Sepsis: A life-threatening condition that can occur if a UTI is left untreated or if the infection spreads to the bloodstream.
    • Kidney stones: While not typically life-threatening, kidney stones can cause severe pain and may be associated with a UTI.
    • Tuberculosis of the urinary tract: A rare but serious condition that can present with symptoms similar to a UTI.
  • Rare diagnoses
    • Emphysematous pyelonephritis: A rare and serious condition characterized by gas formation in the kidney, which can be life-threatening if not promptly treated.
    • Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: A rare form of chronic pyelonephritis characterized by the destruction of kidney tissue and the formation of granulomas.
    • Malacoplakia: A rare condition characterized by the formation of plaques in the urinary tract, which can be associated with a UTI.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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