From the Research
To treat Achromobacter xylosoxidans infections, cefiderocol is a recommended option, as it has shown clinical response in 11 out of 12 treatment courses, despite pretreatment in vitro resistance in some cases 1. The treatment of Achromobacter xylosoxidans infections is challenging due to its resistance to many antibiotics.
- Achromobacter xylosoxidans is often resistant to cephalosporins, aztreonam, and aminoglycosides, and is increasingly acquiring resistance to carbapenems 2.
- Meropenem has been shown to have good in vitro activity against Achromobacter xylosoxidans, with 92.3% of isolates being susceptible 3.
- However, the most recent and highest quality study recommends cefiderocol as a treatment option, with a clinical response rate of 91.7% 1. Some key points to consider when treating Achromobacter xylosoxidans infections include:
- Obtaining cultures and susceptibility testing to guide therapy, as A. xylosoxidans can be highly resistant 1, 3, 2.
- Considering long-term suppressive therapy for chronic or recurrent infections, especially in cystic fibrosis patients, which may involve rotating antibiotics or using inhaled antibiotics like colistin 4.
- Extending treatment duration in immunocompromised patients or those with severe infections, as A. xylosoxidans can cause serious infections with high mortality rates 3.