From the FDA Drug Label
Quinine sulfate capsules may cause unpredictable serious and life-threatening hematologic reactions including thrombocytopenia and hemolytic-uremic syndrome/thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (HUS/TTP) in addition to hypersensitivity reactions, QT prolongation, serious cardiac arrhythmias including torsades de pointes, and other serious adverse events requiring medical intervention and hospitalization. The risk associated with the use of quinine sulfate capsules in the absence of evidence of its effectiveness for treatment or prevention of nocturnal leg cramps, outweighs any potential benefit in treating and/or preventing this benign, self-limiting condition
The FDA drug label does not answer the question of what helps with leg cramping, as it only discusses the risks and limitations of using quinine sulfate capsules for this condition, without providing alternative treatments or solutions 1.
From the Research
To relieve leg cramps, a combination of daily calf and hamstring stretching for six weeks may reduce the severity of night-time lower limb muscle cramps in people aged 55 years and older, as suggested by the most recent and highest quality study 2. When a cramp occurs, stretching and massaging the affected muscle immediately can help relieve the pain. For prevention, staying hydrated by drinking plenty of water throughout the day, especially before and after exercise, is essential. Regular stretching of calf and hamstring muscles, particularly before bedtime, can reduce nighttime cramps. Some studies suggest that magnesium supplements (250-400 mg daily) may help if you're deficient, while over-the-counter medications like acetaminophen or ibuprofen can reduce pain after cramping 3, 4, 5, 6. However, it's crucial to note that the evidence for these interventions is not strong, and more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness. Avoiding excessive alcohol consumption and maintaining proper electrolyte balance, especially during exercise, by consuming potassium-rich foods like bananas or using electrolyte drinks, can also help prevent cramps. Wearing supportive shoes and avoiding prolonged sitting or standing can also prevent cramps. Leg cramps often occur due to muscle fatigue, dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, or poor circulation, so addressing these underlying causes is key to prevention. If cramps are severe, persistent, or accompanied by swelling or muscle weakness, consulting a healthcare provider is necessary as they may indicate an underlying medical condition.