What causes weight gain after discontinuing Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonist therapy?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: May 27, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

From the Guidelines

Weight gain after stopping a GLP-1 agonist is common and expected, with most people regaining about two-thirds of their lost weight within a year of discontinuation. To minimize weight regain, it is essential to gradually transition off the medication while implementing sustainable lifestyle changes, including a reduced-calorie diet and regular physical activity 1. The weight regain occurs because GLP-1 agonists work by suppressing appetite, slowing gastric emptying, and affecting reward centers in the brain - when discontinued, these effects reverse, leading to increased hunger and potentially decreased metabolic rate.

Some key points to consider when stopping a GLP-1 agonist include:

  • Gradually transitioning off the medication to minimize weight regain
  • Implementing a reduced-calorie diet, typically 500 calories below maintenance needs
  • Engaging in regular physical activity, such as 150+ minutes weekly of moderate exercise
  • Incorporating behavior modifications like meal planning and stress management
  • Considering working with healthcare providers to develop a maintenance plan before stopping
  • Regular monitoring and adjustment of the maintenance plan, as weight management is typically a long-term or lifelong process

It is also important to note that combining supervised exercise with GLP-1 RA therapy may be more favorable in maintaining body weight and body composition compared to GLP-1 RA therapy alone 1. Additionally, reducing sedentary time and incorporating muscle-strengthening activities can help reduce the loss of lean mass and improve overall health outcomes. A comprehensive approach that incorporates lifestyle changes, regular monitoring, and potential transitions to different weight management medications can help mitigate weight regain and improve long-term health outcomes.

From the Research

Weight Gain After Stopping GLP-1 Agonist

  • The provided studies do not directly address the issue of weight gain after stopping GLP-1 agonist treatment 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
  • However, it is known that GLP-1 receptor agonists are effective for weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes, and their discontinuation may lead to weight regain 3, 5.
  • The studies focus on the efficacy and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists in reducing A1C and weight, as well as their cardiovascular benefits 3, 4, 5, 6.
  • There is no direct evidence in the provided studies to support a specific statement on weight gain after stopping GLP-1 agonist treatment.
  • Further research would be needed to determine the effects of discontinuing GLP-1 agonist treatment on weight gain 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Treating obesity in type 1 diabetes mellitus - review of efficacy and safety.

Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity, 2024

Research

GLP-1 receptor agonists: an updated review of head-to-head clinical studies.

Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism, 2021

Related Questions

What do meta-analyses say about Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)?
What is the comparison between Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors?
What is the recommended approach for chronic Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist use, such as liraglutide (Victoza) or semaglutide (Ozempic), in managing diabetes?
Can Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, such as exenatide (Byetta), liraglutide (Victoza), and semaglutide (Ozempic), increase the risk of stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes?
What is the best SGLT2 (Sodium-Glucose Linked Transporter 2) inhibitor or GLP1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1) receptor agonist for diabetes management with consideration for cardiac and renal protection?
What is the cause of a 9-year-old boy's failure to thrive (FTT) despite adequate nutrition, resulting in being underweight?
Can diabetic neuropathy of the heels occur with a Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level of 6.6%, indicating moderate hyperglycemia?
What are the recommendations for malaria prophylaxis in Punta Cana (Punta Cana, Dominican Republic)?
What is the cause of recurrent illness in a 9-year-old boy with adequate nutrition and increased appetite?
What is the cause of a 9-year-old boy's failure to thrive (FTT) despite adequate nutrition, resulting in recurrent illnesses and being underweight?
What is the best course of treatment for a 48-year-old male patient with a recurring bilateral hand Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection, previously treated with Bactrim (Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole), Keflex (Cephalexin), and Clindamycin, now being prescribed Linezolid (600 mg twice daily) for 10 days?

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.