Differential Diagnosis for PMR (Polymyalgia Rheumatica)
- Single most likely diagnosis:
- Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA) - This is often considered in the differential diagnosis of PMR due to the significant overlap in symptoms and the fact that both conditions can coexist. GCA is a large vessel vasculitis that can lead to serious complications if not promptly treated.
- Other Likely diagnoses:
- Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) - Although the presentation differs, some patients with RA may have symptoms similar to PMR, especially in the early stages.
- Osteoarthritis - This condition can cause musculoskeletal pain and stiffness, which might be confused with PMR symptoms, especially in older adults.
- Fibromyalgia - Characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain accompanied by fatigue, sleep, memory, and mood issues, which can sometimes be mistaken for PMR.
- Do Not Miss diagnoses:
- Malignancy (e.g., lymphoma, multiple myeloma) - These conditions can mimic PMR and are critical to rule out due to their severe prognosis if left untreated.
- Infections (e.g., endocarditis, osteomyelitis) - Certain infections can present with systemic symptoms similar to PMR and require urgent treatment.
- Thyroid disorders - Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can cause musculoskeletal symptoms that might be confused with PMR.
- Rare diagnoses:
- Relapsing Polychondritis - A rare autoimmune disorder that can cause inflammation in various tissues, including joints, and might mimic PMR.
- Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome - A rare condition characterized by muscle pain and elevated eosinophil counts, which could be considered in the differential diagnosis of PMR.
- Sarcoidosis - Although rare, sarcoidosis can cause musculoskeletal symptoms and should be considered, especially if other systemic symptoms are present.