From the Research
Slight elevations in platelet count (thrombocytosis) often have benign causes that don't require specific treatment, with iron deficiency anemia being a common and reversible cause, as shown in a 2022 study 1.
Benign Causes of Thrombocytosis
Some common benign causes of thrombocytosis include:
- Acute or chronic inflammation, such as from infections or inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis
- Iron deficiency anemia, which can be treated with iron supplementation, leading to a decrease in platelet count, as demonstrated in a 2025 study 2
- Recent surgery or trauma
- Exercise
- Pregnancy
- Rebound thrombocytosis following resolution of bone marrow suppression
- Certain medications, such as epinephrine, vincristine, and tretinoin
- Removal of the spleen (splenectomy), which can lead to elevated platelets since the spleen normally sequesters about one-third of circulating platelets
- Stress, both physical and emotional, which can temporarily increase platelet counts through the release of catecholamines and cortisol
Importance of Addressing Underlying Causes
Most benign thrombocytosis is transient and resolves when the underlying cause is addressed. However, if platelet counts exceed 450,000-500,000 per microliter or persist for extended periods, further evaluation may be warranted to rule out more serious conditions like myeloproliferative disorders, as noted in a 2019 study 3. In patients with iron deficiency anemia, iron supplementation can lead to a decrease in platelet count, and in some cases, resolution of thrombocytosis, as shown in a 2022 study 1. It is essential to identify and manage the underlying cause of thrombocytosis to prevent potential complications and improve patient outcomes.