What is the interpretation of the following lab results: White Blood Cell (WBC) count of 4.0 x10E3/uL, Red Blood Cell (RBC) count of 4.07 x10E6/uL, Hemoglobin of 13.2 g/dL, Hematocrit of 41.2%, Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) of 101 fL, Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) of 32.4 pg, Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) of 32.0 g/dL, and Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) of 11.5%?

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From the Guidelines

The patient's blood test results indicate macrocytosis, as evidenced by an elevated MCV of 101 fL, suggesting potential vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, liver disease, alcoholism, or certain medications as underlying causes, and further testing is recommended to determine the specific cause. The blood test results show mostly normal values with a few abnormalities. The white blood cell count (WBC) is 4.0 x10E3/uL, which is within the normal range of 3.4-10.8 x10E3/uL, as reported in the study 1. The red blood cell count (RBC) is 4.07 x10E6/uL, which is also within the normal range of 3.77-5.28 x10E6/uL. Similarly, the hemoglobin level is 13.2 g/dL, which falls within the normal range of 11.1-15.9 g/dL. The hematocrit is 41.2%, which is within the normal range of 34.0-46.6%. However, the MCV (mean corpuscular volume) is elevated at 101 fL, which is above the normal range of 79-97 fL, as described in the study 1. According to the study, an MCV greater than 100 fL is indicative of macrocytosis, which can be caused by vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, liver disease, alcoholism, or certain medications. The MCH (mean corpuscular hemoglobin) is 32.4 pg, which is slightly above the normal range of 26.6-33.0 pg, and the MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) is 32.0 g/dL, which is within the normal range of 31.5-35.7 g/dL. The RDW (red cell distribution width) is 11.5%, though the normal range is not provided. Given the elevated MCV, further testing for vitamin B12 and folate levels would be recommended to determine the specific cause of the macrocytosis, as suggested in the study 1. A clinical correlation with the patient's medical history, medication use, and alcohol consumption would also be important for proper diagnosis and management.

From the Research

Laboratory Results

  • WBC: 4.0 x10E3/uL (normal range: 3.4-10.8)
  • RBC: 4.07 x10E6/uL (normal range: 3.77-5.28)
  • Hemoglobin: 13.2 g/dL (normal range: 11.1-15.9)
  • Hematocrit: 41.2% (normal range: 34.0-46.6)
  • MCV: 101 fL (normal range: 79-97)
  • MCH: 32.4 pg (normal range: 26.6-33.0)
  • MCHC: 32.0 g/dL (normal range: 31.5-35.7)
  • RDW: 11.5% (low)

Possible Causes of Macrocytosis

  • The patient's MCV is 101 fL, which is above the normal range, indicating macrocytosis 2, 3, 4, 5.
  • Possible causes of macrocytosis include:
    • Vitamin B12 or folate deficiency 2, 3, 4, 5
    • Alcoholism 2, 3, 5
    • Liver disease 2, 3, 4, 5
    • Hypothyroidism 2, 3, 5
    • Primary bone marrow dysplasias (including myelodysplasia and myeloproliferative disorders) 2, 5
    • Hemolysis or hemorrhage 3, 6

Further Evaluation

  • A peripheral smear should be performed to differentiate between megaloblastic and non-megaloblastic anemia 2, 3, 4, 5.
  • Vitamin B12 and folate levels should be checked to rule out deficiency 2, 3, 4, 5.
  • Reticulocyte count and thyroid and liver function tests may also be helpful in determining the underlying cause of macrocytosis 2, 3, 4, 5.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Evaluation of macrocytosis.

American family physician, 2009

Research

Macrocytic anemia.

American family physician, 1996

Research

Investigation of macrocytic anemia.

Postgraduate medicine, 1979

Research

Diagnosis and treatment of macrocytic anemias in adults.

Journal of general and family medicine, 2017

Research

Hemolytic Anemia: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis.

American family physician, 2018

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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