What is the diagnosis and treatment for a mass in the upper back (thoracic region)?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: May 29, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

Differential Diagnosis for Upper Back Mass

  • Single most likely diagnosis
    • Lipoma: A benign tumor composed of fat tissue, which is a common cause of soft tissue masses in the upper back.
  • Other Likely diagnoses
    • Cyst (e.g., sebaceous or epidermoid): Benign fluid-filled sacs that can form in the skin and soft tissues of the upper back.
    • Abscess: A collection of pus that can form in the skin and soft tissues, often caused by bacterial infection.
    • Hematoma: A collection of blood outside of blood vessels, which can occur in the soft tissues of the upper back due to trauma or bleeding disorders.
    • Soft tissue sarcoma (e.g., liposarcoma): A rare type of cancer that arises from the soft tissues, including fat, muscle, and connective tissue.
  • Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
    • Pancoast tumor (lung cancer): A type of lung cancer that originates in the upper part of the lung and can cause a mass in the upper back.
    • Metastatic cancer: Cancer that has spread from another part of the body to the upper back, which can cause a mass.
    • Spinal infection (e.g., osteomyelitis or epidural abscess): Infections of the spine or surrounding tissues, which can cause a mass and require prompt treatment.
    • Aortic aneurysm or dissection: A life-threatening condition where the aorta (the main blood vessel that carries blood from the heart) becomes dilated or tears, which can cause a mass in the upper back.
  • Rare diagnoses
    • Neurofibroma: A benign tumor that arises from nerve tissue, which can occur in the upper back.
    • Desmoid tumor: A rare type of benign tumor that can occur in the soft tissues of the upper back.
    • Cold abscess (e.g., tuberculous abscess): A type of abscess that occurs in people with tuberculosis, which can cause a mass in the upper back.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.