Differential Diagnosis for Cat Bite
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Cellulitis: The patient presents with redness, swelling, and tenderness around the puncture wounds, which are classic signs of cellulitis, a common complication of cat bites. The fact that the cat is up-to-date on its vaccines reduces the likelihood of more severe infections, but does not eliminate the risk of cellulitis.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Abscess: Given the puncture wounds and the presence of redness and swelling, an abscess could form, especially if the bacteria from the cat's mouth are introduced deep into the tissue.
- Cat Scratch Disease (Bartonellosis): Although the patient was bitten and not scratched, it's possible for the bacteria to be transmitted through a bite, especially if the cat's claws or teeth punctured the skin and introduced the bacteria.
- Allergic Reaction: The patient has a history of allergies, and it's possible that she could be allergic to the cat's saliva, which could cause an allergic reaction at the site of the bite.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Rabies: Although the cat is reported to be up-to-date on its vaccines, it's crucial to confirm this and ensure that the patient is not at risk for rabies, which can be deadly if not treated promptly.
- Tetanus: The patient should be evaluated for tetanus risk, especially if her tetanus vaccination is not up-to-date, as cat bites can introduce tetanus spores into the wound.
- Sepsis: Any infection that is not promptly treated can lead to sepsis, a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention.
Rare Diagnoses
- Pasteurella Multocida Infection: This is a type of bacteria commonly found in the mouths of cats and can cause infections in humans, but it's less likely than cellulitis or abscess.
- Capnocytophaga Infection: This is a rare but potentially life-threatening infection that can be transmitted through cat bites, especially in individuals with compromised immune systems.
- Eikenella Corrodens Infection: This is another type of bacteria that can be introduced through cat bites, but it's relatively rare and usually occurs in combination with other bacteria.