From the Research
For the treatment of bruises, topical arnica gel or cream is recommended as it has been shown to reduce bruising more effectively than placebo and low-concentration vitamin K formulations. This is based on a study published in the British Journal of Dermatology in 2010, which found that topical 20% arnica ointment significantly improved bruising scores compared to white petrolatum and a mixture of 1% vitamin K and 0.3% retinol 1.
Other treatments that can help manage pain and reduce inflammation include over-the-counter medications like acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin). Take acetaminophen according to package directions, typically 325-650mg every 4-6 hours, not exceeding 3,000mg daily. For ibuprofen, take 200-400mg every 4-6 hours as needed, with food to prevent stomach upset. The RICE method (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) is also effective - apply ice for 15-20 minutes several times daily for the first 48 hours, use a compression bandage if appropriate, and elevate the affected area when possible.
Recent studies have further supported the use of arnica in cosmetic dermatology, highlighting its potential to reduce post-procedural edema and bruising 2. Additionally, arnica has been found to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-microbial properties, making it a promising adjunct therapeutical approach for pain management 3. While other treatments like bromelain may have beneficial properties, the current evidence for bruise treatment is most strongly supported by the use of arnica 4. It is essential to note that arnica montana is more effective than placebo in treating post-traumatic and postoperative pain, edema, and ecchymosis, and may represent a valid alternative to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs 5.
Key points to consider when treating bruises include:
- Applying topical arnica gel or cream 3-4 times daily to the bruised area
- Using over-the-counter medications like acetaminophen or ibuprofen to manage pain and reduce inflammation
- Implementing the RICE method to reduce blood flow to the area and promote healing
- Consulting a healthcare provider if bruises occur frequently without injury or don't heal within two weeks.